diff --git a/src/server/auth.js b/src/server/auth.js
index 90f8fbd..6cc1e15 100644
--- a/src/server/auth.js
+++ b/src/server/auth.js
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-const util = require("util");
+import util from "util";
 
 const jwtVerify = util.promisify(require("jsonwebtoken").verify);
-const jwksClient = require("jwks-rsa");
+import jwksClient from "jwks-rsa";
 
 const jwks = jwksClient({
   jwksUri: "https://openneo.us.auth0.com/.well-known/jwks.json",
diff --git a/src/server/db.js b/src/server/db.js
index 5acdac0..97a5a6d 100644
--- a/src/server/db.js
+++ b/src/server/db.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const mysql = require("mysql2");
+import mysql from "mysql2";
 
 let globalDbs = new Map();
 
diff --git a/src/server/index.js b/src/server/index.js
index 910864a..e1b6c5f 100644
--- a/src/server/index.js
+++ b/src/server/index.js
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
-const { beelinePlugin } = require("./lib/beeline-graphql");
-const { gql, makeExecutableSchema } = require("apollo-server");
-
-const { getUserIdFromToken } = require("./auth");
-const connectToDb = require("./db");
-const buildLoaders = require("./loaders");
-const {
-  plugin: cacheControlPluginFork,
-} = require("./lib/apollo-cache-control-fork");
+import { beelinePlugin } from "./lib/beeline-graphql";
+import { gql, makeExecutableSchema } from "apollo-server";
+import { getUserIdFromToken } from "./auth";
+import connectToDb from "./db";
+import buildLoaders from "./loaders";
+import { plugin as cacheControlPluginFork } from "./lib/apollo-cache-control-fork";
 
 const rootTypeDefs = gql`
   enum CacheScope {
diff --git a/src/server/lib/apollo-server-vercel.js b/src/server/lib/apollo-server-vercel.js
index 4ecae57..1d5b1ba 100644
--- a/src/server/lib/apollo-server-vercel.js
+++ b/src/server/lib/apollo-server-vercel.js
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 // Adapted from https://github.com/apollographql/apollo-server/blob/201630ad284754248fc9ab6ebedc7506fcc3d951/packages/apollo-server-lambda/src/ApolloServer.ts
 
-const { ApolloServerBase, runHttpQuery } = require("apollo-server-core");
-const { Headers } = require("apollo-server-env");
-const {
-  renderPlaygroundPage,
-} = require("@apollographql/graphql-playground-html");
+import { ApolloServerBase, runHttpQuery } from "apollo-server-core";
+
+import { Headers } from "apollo-server-env";
+import { renderPlaygroundPage } from "@apollographql/graphql-playground-html";
 
 function graphqlVercel(options) {
   if (!options) {
diff --git a/src/server/lib/beeline-graphql.js b/src/server/lib/beeline-graphql.js
index c5972ab..474669b 100644
--- a/src/server/lib/beeline-graphql.js
+++ b/src/server/lib/beeline-graphql.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const beeline = require("honeycomb-beeline");
+import beeline from "honeycomb-beeline";
 
 const beelinePlugin = {
   requestDidStart() {
diff --git a/src/server/loaders.js b/src/server/loaders.js
index ee6c089..8ef97b2 100644
--- a/src/server/loaders.js
+++ b/src/server/loaders.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const DataLoader = require("dataloader");
-const { normalizeRow } = require("./util");
+import DataLoader from "dataloader";
+import { normalizeRow } from "./util";
 
 const buildClosetListLoader = (db) =>
   new DataLoader(async (ids) => {
diff --git a/src/server/neopets-assets.js b/src/server/neopets-assets.js
index 43cd7c9..d34a3e4 100644
--- a/src/server/neopets-assets.js
+++ b/src/server/neopets-assets.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const fetch = require("node-fetch");
+import fetch from "node-fetch";
 
 async function loadAssetManifest(swfUrl) {
   const manifestUrl = convertSwfUrlToManifestUrl(swfUrl);
diff --git a/src/server/outfit-images.js b/src/server/outfit-images.js
index 6e84588..d5efdad 100644
--- a/src/server/outfit-images.js
+++ b/src/server/outfit-images.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const { createCanvas, loadImage } = require("canvas");
+import { createCanvas, loadImage } from "canvas";
 
 async function renderOutfitImage(layerRefs, size) {
   const canvas = createCanvas(size, size);
diff --git a/src/server/outfit-images.test.js b/src/server/outfit-images.test.js
index cb782c2..dbae5d4 100644
--- a/src/server/outfit-images.test.js
+++ b/src/server/outfit-images.test.js
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-const { renderOutfitImage } = require("./outfit-images");
-
-const { toMatchImageSnapshot } = require("jest-image-snapshot");
+import { renderOutfitImage } from "./outfit-images";
+import { toMatchImageSnapshot } from "jest-image-snapshot";
 expect.extend({ toMatchImageSnapshot });
 
 const originalConsoleWarn = console.warn;
diff --git a/src/server/query-tests/Color.test.js b/src/server/query-tests/Color.test.js
index 3f64d19..bfb8079 100644
--- a/src/server/query-tests/Color.test.js
+++ b/src/server/query-tests/Color.test.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const gql = require("graphql-tag");
-const { query, getDbCalls } = require("./setup.js");
+import gql from "graphql-tag";
+import { query, getDbCalls } from "./setup.js";
 
 describe("Color", () => {
   it("loads a single color", async () => {
diff --git a/src/server/query-tests/Item.test.js b/src/server/query-tests/Item.test.js
index 4c9eaae..24bb7ed 100644
--- a/src/server/query-tests/Item.test.js
+++ b/src/server/query-tests/Item.test.js
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-const gql = require("graphql-tag");
-const {
+import gql from "graphql-tag";
+import {
   query,
   mutate,
   getDbCalls,
   useTestDb,
   logInAsTestUser,
   createItem,
-} = require("./setup.js");
+} from "./setup.js";
 
 describe("Item", () => {
   it("loads metadata", async () => {
diff --git a/src/server/query-tests/ItemSearch.test.js b/src/server/query-tests/ItemSearch.test.js
index e0027ab..63fe171 100644
--- a/src/server/query-tests/ItemSearch.test.js
+++ b/src/server/query-tests/ItemSearch.test.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const gql = require("graphql-tag");
-const { query, getDbCalls } = require("./setup.js");
+import gql from "graphql-tag";
+import { query, getDbCalls } from "./setup.js";
 
 describe("ItemSearch", () => {
   it("loads Neopian Times items", async () => {
diff --git a/src/server/query-tests/Outfit.test.js b/src/server/query-tests/Outfit.test.js
index 8c49ba0..fae9278 100644
--- a/src/server/query-tests/Outfit.test.js
+++ b/src/server/query-tests/Outfit.test.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const gql = require("graphql-tag");
-const { query, getDbCalls } = require("./setup.js");
+import gql from "graphql-tag";
+import { query, getDbCalls } from "./setup.js";
 
 describe("Outfit", () => {
   it("loads an outfit by ID", async () => {
diff --git a/src/server/query-tests/Pet.test.js b/src/server/query-tests/Pet.test.js
index 401e975..df7d71f 100644
--- a/src/server/query-tests/Pet.test.js
+++ b/src/server/query-tests/Pet.test.js
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-const gql = require("graphql-tag");
-const {
+import gql from "graphql-tag";
+import {
   query,
   getDbCalls,
   clearDbCalls,
   useTestDb,
   connectToDb,
-} = require("./setup.js");
+} from "./setup.js";
 
 describe("Pet", () => {
   it("looks up a pet", async () => {
diff --git a/src/server/query-tests/PetAppearance.test.js b/src/server/query-tests/PetAppearance.test.js
index 163e4f7..df4a2be 100644
--- a/src/server/query-tests/PetAppearance.test.js
+++ b/src/server/query-tests/PetAppearance.test.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const gql = require("graphql-tag");
-const { query, getDbCalls } = require("./setup.js");
+import gql from "graphql-tag";
+import { query, getDbCalls } from "./setup.js";
 
 describe("PetAppearance", () => {
   it("loads for species and color", async () => {
diff --git a/src/server/query-tests/Species.test.js b/src/server/query-tests/Species.test.js
index 80083b8..1487e16 100644
--- a/src/server/query-tests/Species.test.js
+++ b/src/server/query-tests/Species.test.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const gql = require("graphql-tag");
-const { query, getDbCalls } = require("./setup.js");
+import gql from "graphql-tag";
+import { query, getDbCalls } from "./setup.js";
 
 describe("Species", () => {
   it("loads a single species", async () => {
diff --git a/src/server/query-tests/User.test.js b/src/server/query-tests/User.test.js
index 28d889a..e8631fc 100644
--- a/src/server/query-tests/User.test.js
+++ b/src/server/query-tests/User.test.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const gql = require("graphql-tag");
-const { query, getDbCalls, logInAsTestUser } = require("./setup.js");
+import gql from "graphql-tag";
+import { query, getDbCalls, logInAsTestUser } from "./setup.js";
 
 describe("User", () => {
   it("looks up a user", async () => {
diff --git a/src/server/query-tests/setup.js b/src/server/query-tests/setup.js
index 2e7383e..7a28ffd 100644
--- a/src/server/query-tests/setup.js
+++ b/src/server/query-tests/setup.js
@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
-const fs = require("fs");
-const path = require("path");
-
-const { ApolloServer } = require("apollo-server");
-const { createTestClient } = require("apollo-server-testing");
-const { AuthenticationClient } = require("auth0");
-
-const auth = require("../auth");
+import fs from "fs";
+import path from "path";
+import { ApolloServer } from "apollo-server";
+import { createTestClient } from "apollo-server-testing";
+import { AuthenticationClient } from "auth0";
+import auth from "../auth";
 const actualAuth = jest.requireActual("../auth");
-const connectToDb = require("../db");
+import connectToDb from "../db";
 const actualConnectToDb = jest.requireActual("../db");
-const { config } = require("../index");
+import { config } from "../index";
 
 let accessTokenForQueries = null;
 
diff --git a/src/server/types/AppearanceLayer.js b/src/server/types/AppearanceLayer.js
index 2045e71..a4f2476 100644
--- a/src/server/types/AppearanceLayer.js
+++ b/src/server/types/AppearanceLayer.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const { gql } = require("apollo-server");
-const { loadAssetManifest } = require("../neopets-assets");
+import { gql } from "apollo-server";
+import { loadAssetManifest } from "../neopets-assets";
 
 const typeDefs = gql`
   enum LayerImageSize {
diff --git a/src/server/types/ClosetList.js b/src/server/types/ClosetList.js
index 6885368..d78c174 100644
--- a/src/server/types/ClosetList.js
+++ b/src/server/types/ClosetList.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const { gql } = require("apollo-server");
+import { gql } from "apollo-server";
 
 const typeDefs = gql`
   enum OwnsOrWants {
diff --git a/src/server/types/Item.js b/src/server/types/Item.js
index 6d0fc48..637f70c 100644
--- a/src/server/types/Item.js
+++ b/src/server/types/Item.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const { gql } = require("apollo-server");
-const { getRestrictedZoneIds, oneWeek, oneDay, oneHour } = require("../util");
+import { gql } from "apollo-server";
+import { getRestrictedZoneIds, oneWeek, oneDay, oneHour } from "../util";
 
 const typeDefs = gql`
   type Item @cacheControl(maxAge: ${oneDay}, staleWhileRevalidate: ${oneWeek}) {
diff --git a/src/server/types/MutationsForSupport.js b/src/server/types/MutationsForSupport.js
index 85b2d2b..6e3cbfe 100644
--- a/src/server/types/MutationsForSupport.js
+++ b/src/server/types/MutationsForSupport.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const { gql } = require("apollo-server");
-const { ManagementClient } = require("auth0");
+import { gql } from "apollo-server";
+import { ManagementClient } from "auth0";
 
 const auth0 = new ManagementClient({
   domain: "openneo.us.auth0.com",
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ const auth0 = new ManagementClient({
   scope: "read:users update:users",
 });
 
-const {
+import {
   capitalize,
   getPoseFromPetState,
   getPetStateFieldsFromPose,
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ const {
   loadBodyName,
   logToDiscord,
   normalizeRow,
-} = require("../util");
+} from "../util";
 
 const typeDefs = gql`
   type RemoveLayerFromItemMutationResult {
diff --git a/src/server/types/Outfit.js b/src/server/types/Outfit.js
index 7a31325..b2350f9 100644
--- a/src/server/types/Outfit.js
+++ b/src/server/types/Outfit.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const { gql } = require("apollo-server");
+import { gql } from "apollo-server";
 
 const typeDefs = gql`
   type Outfit {
diff --git a/src/server/types/Pet.js b/src/server/types/Pet.js
index d57f094..4655e75 100644
--- a/src/server/types/Pet.js
+++ b/src/server/types/Pet.js
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-const util = require("util");
-
-const fetch = require("node-fetch");
-const { gql } = require("apollo-server");
-const xmlrpc = require("xmlrpc");
-
-const { getPoseFromPetState } = require("../util");
-const { saveModelingData } = require("../modeling");
+import util from "util";
+import fetch from "node-fetch";
+import { gql } from "apollo-server";
+import xmlrpc from "xmlrpc";
+import { getPoseFromPetState } from "../util";
+import { saveModelingData } from "../modeling";
 
 const typeDefs = gql`
   type Pet {
diff --git a/src/server/types/PetAppearance.js b/src/server/types/PetAppearance.js
index 9970390..9ca54de 100644
--- a/src/server/types/PetAppearance.js
+++ b/src/server/types/PetAppearance.js
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
-const { gql } = require("apollo-server");
-const {
+import { gql } from "apollo-server";
+
+import {
   capitalize,
   getPoseFromPetState,
   getRestrictedZoneIds,
   oneWeek,
   oneDay,
   oneHour,
-} = require("../util");
+} from "../util";
 
 const typeDefs = gql`
   type Color @cacheControl(maxAge: ${oneWeek}) {
diff --git a/src/server/types/User.js b/src/server/types/User.js
index 88190fb..a928270 100644
--- a/src/server/types/User.js
+++ b/src/server/types/User.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const { gql } = require("apollo-server");
+import { gql } from "apollo-server";
 
 const typeDefs = gql`
   type User {
diff --git a/src/server/types/Zone.js b/src/server/types/Zone.js
index 0b96e24..a3a9a8b 100644
--- a/src/server/types/Zone.js
+++ b/src/server/types/Zone.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const { gql } = require("apollo-server");
+import { gql } from "apollo-server";
 
 const typeDefs = gql`
   # Cache for 1 week (unlikely to change)
diff --git a/src/server/util.js b/src/server/util.js
index 35e9ef9..1fcefa4 100644
--- a/src/server/util.js
+++ b/src/server/util.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const beeline = require("honeycomb-beeline");
-const fetch = require("node-fetch");
+import beeline from "honeycomb-beeline";
+import fetch from "node-fetch";
 
 function capitalize(str) {
   return str[0].toUpperCase() + str.slice(1);
diff --git a/src/server/util.test.js b/src/server/util.test.js
index a1622da..73f4ef2 100644
--- a/src/server/util.test.js
+++ b/src/server/util.test.js
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-const gql = require("graphql-tag");
-const { getDbCalls } = require("./query-tests/setup.js");
-
-const connectToDb = require("./db");
-const { loadBodyName } = require("./util");
+import gql from "graphql-tag";
+import { getDbCalls } from "./query-tests/setup.js";
+import connectToDb from "./db";
+import { loadBodyName } from "./util";
 
 describe("loadBodyName", () => {
   it("returns placeholder string for 0", async () => {